Common Proof Techniques
Proof by Example:
The author gives only the case n = 2 and suggests that it contains most of the ideas of the general proof.
Proof by Intimidation:
'Trivial.'
Proof by Vigorous Handwaving:
Works well in a classroom or seminar setting.
Proof by Cumbersome Notation:
Best done with access to at least four alphabets and special symbols.
Proof by Exhaustion:
An issue or two of a journal devoted to your proof is useful.
Proof by Omission:
'The reader may easily supply the details.'
'The other 253 cases are analogous.'
'...'
Proof by Obfuscation:
A long plotless sequence of true and/or meaningless syntactically related statements.
Proof by Wishful Citation:
The author cites the negation, converse, or generalization of a theorem from literature to support his claims.
Proof by Funding:
How could three different government agencies be wrong?
Proof by Eminent Authority:
'I saw Karp in the elevator and he said it was probably NP-complete.'
Proof by Personal Communication:
'Eight-dimensional colored cycle stripping is NP-complete [Karp, personal communication].'
Proof by Reduction to the Wrong Problem:
'To see that infinite-dimensional colored cycle stripping is decidable, we reduce it to the halting problem.'
Proof by Reference to Inaccessible Literature:
The author cites a simple corollary of a theorem to be found in a privately circulated memoir of the Slovenian Philological Society, 1883.
Proof by Importance:
A large body of useful consequences all follow from the proposition in question.
Proof by Accumulated Evidence:
Long and diligent search has not revealed a counterexample.
Proof by Cosmology:
The negation of the proposition is unimaginable or meaningless.
Popular for proofs of the existence of God.
Proof by Mutual Reference:
In reference A, Theorem 5 is said to follow from Theorem 3 in reference B, which is shown from Corollary 6.2 in reference C, which is an easy consequence of Theorem 5 in reference A.
Proof by Metaproof:
A method is given to construct the desired proof. The correctness of the method is proved by any of these techniques.
Proof by Picture:
A more convincing form of proof by example. Combines well with proof by omission.
Proof by Vehement Assertion:
It is useful to have some kind of authority in relation to the audience.
Proof by Ghost Reference:
Nothing even remotely resembling the cited theorem appears in the reference given.
Proof by Forward Reference:
Reference is usually to a forthcoming paper of the author, which is often not as forthcoming as at first.
Proof by Semantic Shift:
Some standard but inconvenient definitions are changed for the statement of the result.
Proof by Appeal to Intuition:
Cloud-shaped drawings frequently help here.
The above 24 techniques are by Richard Green (I think).
Proof by Miracle:
Since I have a counter, I
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